Weather & Climate

1. Mainit ngayon, ano?

   It's hot today, isn't it?

   Usage

   Conversation opener about hot weather in the Philippines

   Grammar Note

   "Ma-" is an adjectivizing prefix. "Init" (heat) → "mainit" (hot)

2. Mukhang uulan na

   It looks like it will rain

   Usage

   When clouds gather

   Grammar Note

   "Uulan" is the future form of "ulan" (rain). Tagalog uses affixes for tense

3. May bagyo na paparating

   A typhoon is approaching

   Usage

   Warning phrase during typhoon season

   Grammar Note

   "Paparating" is the contemplated (not-yet-completed) aspect of "dumating" (to arrive), formed by reduplicating the first syllable of the root "dating", and means "about to arrive / on its way". Reduplication marks aspect

4. Malamig ngayon, a

   It's cool today, isn't it?

   Usage

   Comment on cool weather

   Grammar Note

   "Malamig" = "ma-" + "lamig" (coldness). The "ma-" prefix creates adjectives

5. Pakisabi naman kung ano ang weather forecast

   Please tell me the weather forecast

   Usage

   Friendly way to ask about the weather forecast

   Grammar Note

   "Paki-" is a polite request prefix. "Naman" softens the request

6. Kailangan ba ng sunscreen?

   Do I need sunscreen?

   Usage

   Ask on sunny days

   Grammar Note

   "Ba" is a yes/no question marker in Tagalog

7. Dapat ba magdala ng payong?

   Should I bring an umbrella?

   Usage

   Before going out in uncertain weather

   Grammar Note

   "Dapat" is a modal for obligation/recommendation. "Mag-" marks actor focus

8. Kailan ang tag-araw?

   When is the dry season?

   Usage

   Useful for planning travel to the Philippines

   Grammar Note

   "Tag-" is a season prefix in Tagalog. "Araw" = sun/day

9. Kailan ang tag-ulan?

   When is the rainy season?

   Usage

   Ask about rainy season in the Philippines

   Grammar Note

   Philippines rainy season: June–November. "Tag-ulan" = "tag-" (season) + "ulan" (rain)

10. Sobrang lakas ng sikat ng araw

    The sun is really strong

    Usage

    Exclamation about intense sunlight

    Grammar Note

    "Sobrang" derives from Spanish "sobre" and means "excessively". "Sikat ng araw" = sunshine

11. Ulan

    Rain

    Usage

    Indicates rain, current or expected

12. Hangin

    Wind

    Usage

    Wind; the same word also means air, but in weather talk it reads as wind

13. Maaraw

    Sunny

    Usage

    Indicates sunny weather

14. Maulap

    Cloudy

    Usage

    Indicates cloudy weather

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